ADA
Adenosnie deaminase
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Product description:
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme of purine metabolism catalyzing irreversible deamination
of adenosine to inosine, and deoxyadenosine to deoxyinosine, respectively.ADA has two major
isoenzymes ADA1 (a single-chain Zn-binding protein and almost all activities are attributed to
this protein) and ADA2 (believed to be produced by monocytes and is found in negligible
quantities). ADA is widely distributed in human tissues with its highest activity in
T-lymphocytes than B lymphocytes and increases during T cell differentiation. It also acts in
maturation of monocytes transforming them to macrophage. It is considered as a good marker of
cell-mediated immune response. High lymphocytic ADA activities were reported in many diseases
which are associated with alteration in cell mediated immune responses.
ADA has been proposed to be a useful surrogate marker for TB because it can be detected in body
fluids such as pleural, pericardial and peritoneal fluids. The levels of ADA increase in TB
because of the stimulation of T cells by mycobacterial antigens. High titre of ADA in pleural
effusion is an indicator of pleural tuberculosis and necessity of treatment initiation. On the
other hand it is used for treatment follow up in patient on standard anti-tuberculosis regimen.
Decreasing level of ADA could be a predictor of treatment response.
